Home Electrical Wiring Safety

Installing Electrical Wiring
Electrical Project #1: Can electrical wire testers and wire locators accurately show where electrical wires are inside a wall?

• I wanted to find out if I can safely drill a wall not far from the Main panel in the apartment.
• Drilling would occur on the same level as a panel is, same wall, opposite side, about 2 ft away.
• I have no idea how the conductors are run inside the wall to and from the panel and don’t want to hit one.
• Any suggestions?  Should I forget this idea?
• Can the electrical wire locators really accurately determine whether there are conductors in that spot?

Thank you very much in advance.

This electrical wiring project came from: Slava, a Homeowner from Brooklyn, New York.

Electrical Project #2:

• We bought our 1988 house last year and just recently looked into doing some minor improvements to the downstairs bathroom. While pulling off the wallpaper and removing the counter we discovered there was a thick exposed wire protruding from the corner. It looks like maybe they used a wire that wasn’t long enough and dry walled around it as well as cut out a piece of the vanity corner to make a space for it. I’m not sure what to do about it vs. just paint the vanity and get a new top so that I don’t have to deal with the issue. Any advice?

This electrical wiring question came from Sue in West Linn, Oregon

Dave’s Reply:
Thank you for your electrical wiring projects.

Home Electrical Wiring Techniques

Application: Installing Additional Electrical Wiring.
Skill Level: Intermediate to Advanced – Best performed by a Licensed Electrician.
Tools Required: Electricians Pouch of Hand Tools for Rough-In Wiring, Electric Drill and Auger Bits and Extension Cord.
Estimated Time: Depends on the extent of the project, the type of construction and available access to the project area.
Precaution: Any existing wiring in the immediate area that may interfere with the installation should be identified and turned OFF and Tagged.
Notice: Installing additional electrical wiring should be done with a permit and be inspected.

Basic Fundamentals of Home Electrical Wiring

Obtaining knowledge before starting a home electrical wiring project is very wise. The information below will describe how to avoid hitting an electrical wire and causing damage.

Basic Methods of Home Electrical Circuit Wiring
Understanding The Path Of Electrical Cables as they have been installed inside the building structure.

• Home Wiring Techniques
  • Electrical circuit wiring is generally run out to the top of a panel or the bottom and often both.
• The Electric Panel
  • The electrical panel can be opened by an electrician to visually see which way the cables are headed, however you still don’t know exactly what is happening inside the wall.
• Electric Wiring Inside Walls
  • Most walls have outlets and switches so there will be wiring that is looping these devices together running from side to side, and up or down, it all depends on the layout of the dwelling.
• Exposing Electrical Wiring
  • To avoid damaging electrical cables one option would be to open the wall up.
  • If one is careful the removal of a section of sheet rock can be done relatively easy, especially if you locate the nails or screws and remove them allowing the section of sheet rock to be removed in one piece thereby allowing you to reused the original piece.
• Wiring in Apartments and Rental Homes
  • You may want to consult the manager of the apartment complex and get permission before proceeding with your proposed project.
• How To Locate Electric Wires
  • There are cable locators that do a fine job, however you must remember that they may only be sensing cables that are energized and may not be locating a cable used for switching a light fixture on.
  • If you are drilling a hole simply for the purpose of installing a wall anchor, then just be sure to drill the hole the depth of the sheet rock, or better yet just us a pick to make the hole.
  • Sheet rock is relatively soft and easy to penetrate which makes it easy to insert molly bolts or other wall anchors for hanging pictures or other wall decorations.

The NEC addresses Un-Supported Cables inside Existing Walls

RE: NEC 334.30 section (B)

• (B) Unsupported Cables.
  The nonmetallic-sheathed cable shall be permitted to be unsupported where the cable:
• (1) Is fished between wired access points through concealed spaces in finished buildings or structures and supporting is impracticable.
• (2) Is not more than 4 and one half feet from the last point of cable support to the point of connection to a light fixture, luminaire or other piece of electrical equipment and the cable and point of connection are within an accessible ceiling.

More about Home Electric Wiring

Electrical Panel Circuit Listing

Electric panel

• House Wiring Circuits and Circuit Breakers
• This article looks at common 120 volt and 240 volt house wiring circuits and the circuit breakers that are installed identifying the types and amperage sizes used in most homes.

• Home Electrical Safety Guidelines
  • This electrical safety advisory is to help you understand that electrical systems are to be treated with utmost respect and every provision must me made to assess each task before proceeding to perform any work.

More about Electrical Safety Guidelines

• Electrical Codes for Home Wiring
  • Electrician Explains Home Electrical Wiring Codes including AFCI Circuit, Junction Boxes, Electrical Circuits, Codes for Outlets, GFCI Codes, Electrical Grounding, Electrical Projects, Electrical Service Panels, Underground Electrical, House Wiring, Lighting Codes, Codes for Smoke Detectors.

More about Electrical Codes For Home Wiring

Installing Electrical Wiring
Electrical Project #1: Can electrical wire testers and wire locators accurately show where electrical wires are inside a wall?

• I wanted to find out if I can safely drill a wall not far from the Main panel in the apartment.
• Drilling would occur on the same level as a panel is, same wall, opposite side, about 2 ft away.
• I have no idea how the conductors are run inside the wall to and from the panel and don’t want to hit one.
• Any suggestions?  Should I forget this idea?
• Can the electrical wire locators really accurately determine whether there are conductors in that spot?

Thank you very much in advance.

This electrical wiring project came from: Slava, a Homeowner from Brooklyn, New York.

Electrical Project #2:

• We bought our 1988 house last year and just recently looked into doing some minor improvements to the downstairs bathroom. While pulling off the wallpaper and removing the counter we discovered there was a thick exposed wire protruding from the corner. It looks like maybe they used a wire that wasn’t long enough and dry walled around it as well as cut out a piece of the vanity corner to make a space for it. I’m not sure what to do about it vs. just paint the vanity and get a new top so that I don’t have to deal with the issue. Any advice?

This electrical wiring question came from Sue in West Linn, Oregon

Dave’s Reply:
Thank you for your electrical wiring projects.

Home Electrical Wiring Techniques

Application: Installing Additional Electrical Wiring.
Skill Level: Intermediate to Advanced – Best performed by a Licensed Electrician.
Tools Required: Electricians Pouch of Hand Tools for Rough-In Wiring, Electric Drill and Auger Bits and Extension Cord.
Estimated Time: Depends on the extent of the project, the type of construction and available access to the project area.
Precaution: Any existing wiring in the immediate area that may interfere with the installation should be identified and turned OFF and Tagged.
Notice: Installing additional electrical wiring should be done with a permit and be inspected.

Basic Fundamentals of Home Electrical Wiring

Obtaining knowledge before starting a home electrical wiring project is very wise. The information below will describe how to avoid hitting an electrical wire and causing damage.

Basic Methods of Home Electrical Circuit Wiring
Understanding The Path Of Electrical Cables as they have been installed inside the building structure.

• Home Wiring Techniques
  • Electrical circuit wiring is generally run out to the top of a panel or the bottom and often both.
• The Electric Panel
  • The electrical panel can be opened by an electrician to visually see which way the cables are headed, however you still don’t know exactly what is happening inside the wall.
• Electric Wiring Inside Walls
  • Most walls have outlets and switches so there will be wiring that is looping these devices together running from side to side, and up or down, it all depends on the layout of the dwelling.
• Exposing Electrical Wiring
  • To avoid damaging electrical cables one option would be to open the wall up.
  • If one is careful the removal of a section of sheet rock can be done relatively easy, especially if you locate the nails or screws and remove them allowing the section of sheet rock to be removed in one piece thereby allowing you to reused the original piece.
• Wiring in Apartments and Rental Homes
  • You may want to consult the manager of the apartment complex and get permission before proceeding with your proposed project.
• How To Locate Electric Wires
  • There are cable locators that do a fine job, however you must remember that they may only be sensing cables that are energized and may not be locating a cable used for switching a light fixture on.
  • If you are drilling a hole simply for the purpose of installing a wall anchor, then just be sure to drill the hole the depth of the sheet rock, or better yet just us a pick to make the hole.
  • Sheet rock is relatively soft and easy to penetrate which makes it easy to insert molly bolts or other wall anchors for hanging pictures or other wall decorations.

The NEC addresses Un-Supported Cables inside Existing Walls

RE: NEC 334.30 section (B)

• (B) Unsupported Cables.
  The nonmetallic-sheathed cable shall be permitted to be unsupported where the cable:
• (1) Is fished between wired access points through concealed spaces in finished buildings or structures and supporting is impracticable.
• (2) Is not more than 4 and one half feet from the last point of cable support to the point of connection to a light fixture, luminaire or other piece of electrical equipment and the cable and point of connection are within an accessible ceiling.

More about Home Electric Wiring

Electrical Panel Circuit Listing

Electric panel

• House Wiring Circuits and Circuit Breakers
• This article looks at common 120 volt and 240 volt house wiring circuits and the circuit breakers that are installed identifying the types and amperage sizes used in most homes.

• Home Electrical Safety Guidelines
  • This electrical safety advisory is to help you understand that electrical systems are to be treated with utmost respect and every provision must me made to assess each task before proceeding to perform any work.

More about Electrical Safety Guidelines

• Electrical Codes for Home Wiring
  • Electrician Explains Home Electrical Wiring Codes including AFCI Circuit, Junction Boxes, Electrical Circuits, Codes for Outlets, GFCI Codes, Electrical Grounding, Electrical Projects, Electrical Service Panels, Underground Electrical, House Wiring, Lighting Codes, Codes for Smoke Detectors.

More about Electrical Codes For Home Wiring

How Wire a Light Switch

Light Switch Wiring Explained
Electrical Question:  I am confused about the wiring of  a light switch.

• Here is what I have:
  • 1 outlet box with 3 lines coming in to it.
  • Only one line is hot and outlet box has one light switch for a bathroom light and one receptacle.
  • One wire goes to hall light switch, another wire goes to a bedroom receptacle.
  • All three lines coming into the outlet box are black, white, and ground.
  • I am not sure how to connect the wires to the light switch and still keep the the receptacle in the bedroom hot.

Received from Gilbert a Handyman in Sacramento, Calif.

Dave’s Reply:
Thanks for your electrical question.

How to Wire Light Switches

Preparations
Application: Wiring a Light Switch.
Skill Level: Beginner to Intermediate, best performed by a licensed electrician.
Tools Required: Basic Electricians Pouch Hand Tools and Voltage Tester.
Estimated Time: Depends on personal level experience and ability to work with tools.
Precaution: Identify the lighting circuit, turn it OFF and  Tag it with a Note before working with the wiring.
Notice: Installing additional electrical wiring for light fixtures should be done with a permit and be inspected.

Identifying the Circuit Wiring
It is very helpful to identify the wires and then organize them together into groups so you understand which wires will be spliced together and which wires will be attached to light switch.

Types of Circuit Wires Typically Found in a Switch Box and How They are Connected

• Cables and Wires
  A cable is typically a group or wires with one outer covering containing a black wire, white wire, and ground wire. This is commonly referred to a 2-wire cable with a ground.
• Power In
  This is typically the black wire of a cable which supplies the circuit power.
• Power Out
  This is typically the black wire of a cable which supplies circuit power out to other devices such as wall outlets.
• Wires to the Light Fixture
  This is the cable that goes up to the light fixture with the black wire that will be controlled by the light switch.
• Neutral Wires
  White wires are typically the neutral wires that are in the same cable as the circuit power wire.
• Ground Wires
  A bare copper wire or a green wire is the ground wire which is found in each cable.

Grouping the Wires Together

• Once the wires have been identified, then the wires can be organized into groups that will be spliced together to keep the circuit connections, and the additional wires that will be necessary to connect the circuit power to the light switch.
• The Power In and Power Out black wires are spliced together, and an additional wire is added to provide power to the switch. The Black wire that goes to the light fixture is attached to the light switch. All the White Neutral wires are spliced together. All the ground wires are spliced together and bonded to the switch and box. Note: Some switch boxes may have more than one electrical circuit cable, and these wires must be identified as well so they can be kept separate from the light fixture circuit wiring.
• For More Complex Wiring for Light Switches
  To Get Your Light Switches Working it is helpful to understanding that a light switch is basically the switching of a the power source as explained here with the help of Wiring Diagrams for Light Switches
• This type of question is hard to answer because it lacks a lot of clarification and there seems to be an explanation of a few missing wires. With me being placed right in the middle of something like this it creates all kinds of questions of my own.
  • My first question being what has taken place that caused all these wires to need to be identified, or what is the original problem?
  • Is this wiring that was just added that does not work?
  • If so you may consider contacting the person who added the wiring and ask them to put it together and make it work.
• I run into this from time to time where I am brought into a situation where I have to basically get out my testers, pencil and paper and identify what someone else has wired.
• If you’re working at a home that has original wiring, then 99% of the time outlet wiring is connected color to color except for switched outlets or 3-wire or multi-wire circuits.
• Wiring to a light switch is basically the switching of a hot wire and splicing the neutral wires that lead to the fixture.
• How to Troubleshoot a Light Switch Wiring Problem
  Troubleshooting electrical wiring begins with identifying the problem, asking a lot of questions, then start the process of elimination. Work the problem backwards starting with what does not work and travel back towards the source until you find the problem.
• Wiring a light switch can be challenging sometimes when there are many wires to try to figure out.
  • If you having a hard time wiring a switch then consider having a professional help you out.
• So many times Ive seen projects where homeowners hire someone who is not a professional just to save themselves money.
  • Most of the time they end up spending more because they end up hiring a professional to fix what was installed wrong.
  • This is not intended to speak bad about handymen and women, not at all. I know some who know more about electrical wiring than a general contractor, this is rare, but interesting to note.
• I know a lot of very knowledgeable handymen and handy women who provide a great deal of services to a lot of people at a very reduced rate.
• The key is to understanding when you may be getting into something that may be beyond your abilities. At that point it may be time to hire a professional to take care of it for you.

See More about Wiring Light Switches

Wiring Diagrams

Electrical Wiring Diagrams

Home electrical wiring diagrams are an important tool for completing your electrical projects. An electrical wiring diagram can be as simple as a diagram showing how to install a new switch in your hallway, or as complex as the complete electrical blueprint for your new home or home improvement project.

How to Wire a Light Switch

Troubleshooting Electrical Wiring

How Wire a Light Switch

Light Switch Wiring Explained
Electrical Question:  I am confused about the wiring of  a light switch.

• Here is what I have:
  • 1 outlet box with 3 lines coming in to it.
  • Only one line is hot and outlet box has one light switch for a bathroom light and one receptacle.
  • One wire goes to hall light switch, another wire goes to a bedroom receptacle.
  • All three lines coming into the outlet box are black, white, and ground.
  • I am not sure how to connect the wires to the light switch and still keep the the receptacle in the bedroom hot.

Received from Gilbert a Handyman in Sacramento, Calif.

Dave’s Reply:
Thanks for your electrical question.

How to Wire Light Switches

Preparations
Application: Wiring a Light Switch.
Skill Level: Beginner to Intermediate, best performed by a licensed electrician.
Tools Required: Basic Electricians Pouch Hand Tools and Voltage Tester.
Estimated Time: Depends on personal level experience and ability to work with tools.
Precaution: Identify the lighting circuit, turn it OFF and  Tag it with a Note before working with the wiring.
Notice: Installing additional electrical wiring for light fixtures should be done with a permit and be inspected.

Identifying the Circuit Wiring
It is very helpful to identify the wires and then organize them together into groups so you understand which wires will be spliced together and which wires will be attached to light switch.

Types of Circuit Wires Typically Found in a Switch Box and How They are Connected

• Cables and Wires
  A cable is typically a group or wires with one outer covering containing a black wire, white wire, and ground wire. This is commonly referred to a 2-wire cable with a ground.
• Power In
  This is typically the black wire of a cable which supplies the circuit power.
• Power Out
  This is typically the black wire of a cable which supplies circuit power out to other devices such as wall outlets.
• Wires to the Light Fixture
  This is the cable that goes up to the light fixture with the black wire that will be controlled by the light switch.
• Neutral Wires
  White wires are typically the neutral wires that are in the same cable as the circuit power wire.
• Ground Wires
  A bare copper wire or a green wire is the ground wire which is found in each cable.

Grouping the Wires Together

• Once the wires have been identified, then the wires can be organized into groups that will be spliced together to keep the circuit connections, and the additional wires that will be necessary to connect the circuit power to the light switch.
• The Power In and Power Out black wires are spliced together, and an additional wire is added to provide power to the switch. The Black wire that goes to the light fixture is attached to the light switch. All the White Neutral wires are spliced together. All the ground wires are spliced together and bonded to the switch and box. Note: Some switch boxes may have more than one electrical circuit cable, and these wires must be identified as well so they can be kept separate from the light fixture circuit wiring.
• For More Complex Wiring for Light Switches
  To Get Your Light Switches Working it is helpful to understanding that a light switch is basically the switching of a the power source as explained here with the help of Wiring Diagrams for Light Switches
• This type of question is hard to answer because it lacks a lot of clarification and there seems to be an explanation of a few missing wires. With me being placed right in the middle of something like this it creates all kinds of questions of my own.
  • My first question being what has taken place that caused all these wires to need to be identified, or what is the original problem?
  • Is this wiring that was just added that does not work?
  • If so you may consider contacting the person who added the wiring and ask them to put it together and make it work.
• I run into this from time to time where I am brought into a situation where I have to basically get out my testers, pencil and paper and identify what someone else has wired.
• If you’re working at a home that has original wiring, then 99% of the time outlet wiring is connected color to color except for switched outlets or 3-wire or multi-wire circuits.
• Wiring to a light switch is basically the switching of a hot wire and splicing the neutral wires that lead to the fixture.
• How to Troubleshoot a Light Switch Wiring Problem
  Troubleshooting electrical wiring begins with identifying the problem, asking a lot of questions, then start the process of elimination. Work the problem backwards starting with what does not work and travel back towards the source until you find the problem.
• Wiring a light switch can be challenging sometimes when there are many wires to try to figure out.
  • If you having a hard time wiring a switch then consider having a professional help you out.
• So many times Ive seen projects where homeowners hire someone who is not a professional just to save themselves money.
  • Most of the time they end up spending more because they end up hiring a professional to fix what was installed wrong.
  • This is not intended to speak bad about handymen and women, not at all. I know some who know more about electrical wiring than a general contractor, this is rare, but interesting to note.
• I know a lot of very knowledgeable handymen and handy women who provide a great deal of services to a lot of people at a very reduced rate.
• The key is to understanding when you may be getting into something that may be beyond your abilities. At that point it may be time to hire a professional to take care of it for you.

See More about Wiring Light Switches

Wiring Diagrams

Electrical Wiring Diagrams

Home electrical wiring diagrams are an important tool for completing your electrical projects. An electrical wiring diagram can be as simple as a diagram showing how to install a new switch in your hallway, or as complex as the complete electrical blueprint for your new home or home improvement project.

How to Wire a Light Switch

Troubleshooting Electrical Wiring

Kitchen Electrical Wiring
Electrical Question: How should I wire kitchen electric circuits?
I want to put in an over the range microwave oven and was wondering if it is okay to put it on the 2-20amp and 40 amp breaker.

• My kitchen circuit consists of two 20 amp breakers that are tied together. I have an electrical panel that is maxed out on circuit breaker spaces.
• There’s 12 gauge wire coming from each of the 20 amp breakers.
• They feed four kitchen counter outlets and also feed the refrigerator and the washing machine which is on the other side of the wall.
• The dishwasher has its own circuit and I’ll be splitting it with the new 1/3 hp garbage disposal, according to your Dish Washer and Garbage Disposal outlet and switch diagram.
• My one other option is to share the micro with the sump pump breaker. Also, on the the Dish Washer and Garbage Disposal switch setup that you show in the wiring diagram, is there a way to do that with a GFCI outlet?

Thanks  By The Way for the wiring diagrams.
Thanks for your time!

This home electrical wiring question came from: Randy, from Portland, Oregon.

Dave’s Reply:
Thanks for your electrical wiring question Randy.

How to Install Electrical Circuits for the Kitchen

Application: Installing Kitchen Circuit Wiring and Circuits.
Skill Level: Intermediate to Advanced, best performed by a Licensed Electrician.
Tools Required: Basic Electricians Pouch Hand Tools, electric drill,  auger bits and extension cord.
Estimated Time: Depends on personal level experience, ability to work with tools and install kitchen electrical circuit wiring.
Notice: Installing additional electrical circuit wiring should be done according to local and national electrical codes with a permit and be inspected.

Electrical Panels and Circuit Wiring

A common mistake about circuit breakers is when a 2-pole breaker is added up as a total value, and this is incorrect. The 2-pole 20 amp circuit breaker is not considered 40 amps, it is two separate circuits of 20 amps. Circuit breakers should not be shared for more than one wire or branch circuit, and typically devices such as a microwave oven requires its own dedicated 20 amp circuit, depending of the size and specifications. From what you have described there is the possibility of circuit overloading of the kitchen circuits that are shared with the refrigerator and the washing machine, which each require their own dedicated circuits. GFCI outlets do not have the capability for being a split or switched outlet such as a duplex receptacle outlet.

• How to Create More Circuit Breaker Spaces
  
  • Depending on the brand and type of electrical panel, it may allow for twin circuit breakers to be installed where one space may be used for two circuit breakers, and possibly quad circuit breakers with tied handles in the case of multi-wire circuits.

• NOTE: Additional Kitchen Circuits Require a Permit and Inspection
  
  • Be sure to obtain a permit and the necessary inspections for the work that is being. Projects such as this are best performed by a licensed electrical contractor.

See More about Wiring a Kitchen and Home Electrical Circuits

How to Install Kitchen Electric Wiring

Electrical Circuit Breakers

Home Electrical Circuit Breakers

A guide to home electrical circuit breakers and how they work to protect your electrical wiring. When properly installed, your home electrical wiring is protected by a circuit protection device.

Guide to Home Electrical Wire Types

Microwave Wiring

Microwave Circuit Wiring

In kitchens it is common practice that if a microwave oven will be installed at a given location, such as Hood-Fan Microwave Ovens, that a Dedicated 20 Amp Circuit is always installed.

Microwave Outlet

GFCI Wiring
This list of articles will help you learn about the features and benefits provided by GFI and GFCI Receptacles and how they are wired.

Kitchen Electrical Wiring
Electrical Question: How should I wire kitchen electric circuits?
I want to put in an over the range microwave oven and was wondering if it is okay to put it on the 2-20amp and 40 amp breaker.

• My kitchen circuit consists of two 20 amp breakers that are tied together. I have an electrical panel that is maxed out on circuit breaker spaces.
• There’s 12 gauge wire coming from each of the 20 amp breakers.
• They feed four kitchen counter outlets and also feed the refrigerator and the washing machine which is on the other side of the wall.
• The dishwasher has its own circuit and I’ll be splitting it with the new 1/3 hp garbage disposal, according to your Dish Washer and Garbage Disposal outlet and switch diagram.
• My one other option is to share the micro with the sump pump breaker. Also, on the the Dish Washer and Garbage Disposal switch setup that you show in the wiring diagram, is there a way to do that with a GFCI outlet?

Thanks  By The Way for the wiring diagrams.
Thanks for your time!

This home electrical wiring question came from: Randy, from Portland, Oregon.

Dave’s Reply:
Thanks for your electrical wiring question Randy.

How to Install Electrical Circuits for the Kitchen

Application: Installing Kitchen Circuit Wiring and Circuits.
Skill Level: Intermediate to Advanced, best performed by a Licensed Electrician.
Tools Required: Basic Electricians Pouch Hand Tools, electric drill,  auger bits and extension cord.
Estimated Time: Depends on personal level experience, ability to work with tools and install kitchen electrical circuit wiring.
Notice: Installing additional electrical circuit wiring should be done according to local and national electrical codes with a permit and be inspected.

Electrical Panels and Circuit Wiring

A common mistake about circuit breakers is when a 2-pole breaker is added up as a total value, and this is incorrect. The 2-pole 20 amp circuit breaker is not considered 40 amps, it is two separate circuits of 20 amps. Circuit breakers should not be shared for more than one wire or branch circuit, and typically devices such as a microwave oven requires its own dedicated 20 amp circuit, depending of the size and specifications. From what you have described there is the possibility of circuit overloading of the kitchen circuits that are shared with the refrigerator and the washing machine, which each require their own dedicated circuits. GFCI outlets do not have the capability for being a split or switched outlet such as a duplex receptacle outlet.

• How to Create More Circuit Breaker Spaces
  
  • Depending on the brand and type of electrical panel, it may allow for twin circuit breakers to be installed where one space may be used for two circuit breakers, and possibly quad circuit breakers with tied handles in the case of multi-wire circuits.

• NOTE: Additional Kitchen Circuits Require a Permit and Inspection
  
  • Be sure to obtain a permit and the necessary inspections for the work that is being. Projects such as this are best performed by a licensed electrical contractor.

See More about Wiring a Kitchen and Home Electrical Circuits

How to Install Kitchen Electric Wiring

Electrical Circuit Breakers

Home Electrical Circuit Breakers

A guide to home electrical circuit breakers and how they work to protect your electrical wiring. When properly installed, your home electrical wiring is protected by a circuit protection device.

Guide to Home Electrical Wire Types

Microwave Wiring

Microwave Circuit Wiring

In kitchens it is common practice that if a microwave oven will be installed at a given location, such as Hood-Fan Microwave Ovens, that a Dedicated 20 Amp Circuit is always installed.

Microwave Outlet

GFCI Wiring
This list of articles will help you learn about the features and benefits provided by GFI and GFCI Receptacles and how they are wired.

Home Wiring Diagrams
Wiring diagrams can be helpful in many ways, including illustrating wire colors, showing where different elements of your project go using electrical symbols, and showing what wire goes where. This is why a good wiring diagram is important for wiring your home safely.

Keep your wiring diagrams nearby. You’ll want to refer to them often as you work on your project.

Electrical Wire Colors:

Electrical wiring diagrams that are in color have an advantage over ones that are black and white only. *The individual wires on the diagram should be colored the same as the actual wires you will be using. Green or bare wire is the ground wire. White or off-white is neutral. The neutral wire carries power back to the service panel. Black indicates the hot wire. The hot wire carries power from the panel to the device you are wiring. Red blue, or other colors also indicate hot wires.

See more about the types of wire and what they are used for. More about wire *Important Note: When wires or cables such as Romex are used with switching applications and as Switch Legs, the function of a colored wire may be different from what is noted here. The only way to positively identify wires used for any application is to purchase a good volt tester and understand how to use it. More about electrical testers

Electrical Wiring Symbols

When looking at any wiring diagram, start by familiarizing yourself with the symbols that are being used.
The electrical symbols will not only show where something is to be installed, but what type of device is being installed.
Make sure you understand the symbols on your diagram before beginning your project. There should be a chart on your diagram showing what the different symbols being used represent, much like a legend on a map.

A surface ceiling light will be shown by one symbol, a recessed ceiling light will have a different symbol, and a surface fluorescent light will have another symbol. Each type of switch will have a different symbol and so will the various outlets. You’ll even find symbols showing the location of smoke detectors, your doorbell chime, and the thermostat. Click on the link to find out more about the different electrical wiring diagram symbols

Light Switches
When it comes to household electricity, there’s a lot more to consider than simply turning a switch On or Off. Some of the most common questions electricians receive involve switches. Once you understand the different types of switches and follow a good wiring diagram, you should be able to install a new switch in your home or repair existing problems with the ones you have.

Here are some of the more common switching configurations.
After absorbing the following information, you will be able to wire switches just as well as the pros:

Single-Pole Switches A Single-Pole Switch provides switching from one location only. Single-Pole may sound simple, but there are different ways to wire a Single-Pole Switch. The power can come from either the switch box or the fixture box and a set of electrical wiring diagrams will explain each of these scenarios to you clearly.

3-Way Switches 3-Way Switches are used to control one or more fixtures from two different locations. This is a common configuration in hallways and staircases. There are many ways to wire a 3-Way Switch. The power can start at a fixture or either of the two switches. Without a wiring diagram it can be very easy to make a serious mistake that will cause the circuit to malfunction and possibly become a hazard.

Dimmer Switches A wiring diagram will even take the mystery out of wiring a 3-Way Dimmer Switch A dimmer switch can be either a rotary or a sliding switch that lets you adjust the intensity of a light. Both are wired the same way. What a great way to enjoy softer light and a reduced energy bill!

4-Way Switches One of the most complicated wiring configurations is a 4-Way Switch. These switches enable you to control one or more fixtures from three or more locations. It would be almost impossible to write the instructions in a way that you could simply read them and complete your project. However, a good wiring diagram will make it possible for you to successfully and safely tackle wiring 4-Way Switches.

Safety when Wiring Switches As important as electrical wiring diagrams are to the successful completion of your wiring project, safety and respect for electricity are essential. Never work on live circuits. Before you begin your project, identify the circuit you’re working on and then turn off power to that circuit at the main panel. Then confirm that the power is off with a voltage tester. IMPORTANT:If at any time you feel unsure about what you’re doing, please call a licensed electrical contractor.

More about Wiring Light Switches
Single Pole Switches
Wiring diagrams that explain the basic wiring for lighting control from a single switch location.

3-Way Switches
Once you see these wiring diagrams you will understand how to wire 3-way switches.
3-Way Dimmer Switches
Take the mystery out of wiring a 3-way dimmer switch and enjoy softer light and a reduced energy bill when you use one of these wiring diagrams.

4-Way Switches
Did you know – you can have any number of these switches installed on one control circuit? Once you see how these switches are wired you’ll be amazed, its just one more step up from the 3-way design – you have to see these wiring-diagrams!

Resources to help you with Home Wiring
Electrical Wiring Outlets for the Home
110 Volt Outlets
220 Volt Outlets
Residential Wiring Diagrams

More about Home Electrical
Home Electrical Wiring for Bathrooms
Home Electrical Wiring for Bedrooms
Home Electrical Wiring for Kitchens
Home Electrical Wiring for Home Office
Home Electrical Wiring for Laundry Room
Home Electrical Wiring for Garages
Home Electrical Wiring for Workshops
Home Electrical Wiring Diagrams for Outlets
Electrical Wiring Diagram Symbols

Ask The Electrician – Main page

Home Wiring Diagrams
Wiring diagrams can be helpful in many ways, including illustrating wire colors, showing where different elements of your project go using electrical symbols, and showing what wire goes where. This is why a good wiring diagram is important for wiring your home safely.

Keep your wiring diagrams nearby. You’ll want to refer to them often as you work on your project.

Electrical Wire Colors:

Electrical wiring diagrams that are in color have an advantage over ones that are black and white only. *The individual wires on the diagram should be colored the same as the actual wires you will be using. Green or bare wire is the ground wire. White or off-white is neutral. The neutral wire carries power back to the service panel. Black indicates the hot wire. The hot wire carries power from the panel to the device you are wiring. Red blue, or other colors also indicate hot wires.

See more about the types of wire and what they are used for. More about wire *Important Note: When wires or cables such as Romex are used with switching applications and as Switch Legs, the function of a colored wire may be different from what is noted here. The only way to positively identify wires used for any application is to purchase a good volt tester and understand how to use it. More about electrical testers

Electrical Wiring Symbols

When looking at any wiring diagram, start by familiarizing yourself with the symbols that are being used.
The electrical symbols will not only show where something is to be installed, but what type of device is being installed.
Make sure you understand the symbols on your diagram before beginning your project. There should be a chart on your diagram showing what the different symbols being used represent, much like a legend on a map.

A surface ceiling light will be shown by one symbol, a recessed ceiling light will have a different symbol, and a surface fluorescent light will have another symbol. Each type of switch will have a different symbol and so will the various outlets. You’ll even find symbols showing the location of smoke detectors, your doorbell chime, and the thermostat. Click on the link to find out more about the different electrical wiring diagram symbols

Light Switches
When it comes to household electricity, there’s a lot more to consider than simply turning a switch On or Off. Some of the most common questions electricians receive involve switches. Once you understand the different types of switches and follow a good wiring diagram, you should be able to install a new switch in your home or repair existing problems with the ones you have.

Here are some of the more common switching configurations.
After absorbing the following information, you will be able to wire switches just as well as the pros:

Single-Pole Switches A Single-Pole Switch provides switching from one location only. Single-Pole may sound simple, but there are different ways to wire a Single-Pole Switch. The power can come from either the switch box or the fixture box and a set of electrical wiring diagrams will explain each of these scenarios to you clearly.

3-Way Switches 3-Way Switches are used to control one or more fixtures from two different locations. This is a common configuration in hallways and staircases. There are many ways to wire a 3-Way Switch. The power can start at a fixture or either of the two switches. Without a wiring diagram it can be very easy to make a serious mistake that will cause the circuit to malfunction and possibly become a hazard.

Dimmer Switches A wiring diagram will even take the mystery out of wiring a 3-Way Dimmer Switch A dimmer switch can be either a rotary or a sliding switch that lets you adjust the intensity of a light. Both are wired the same way. What a great way to enjoy softer light and a reduced energy bill!

4-Way Switches One of the most complicated wiring configurations is a 4-Way Switch. These switches enable you to control one or more fixtures from three or more locations. It would be almost impossible to write the instructions in a way that you could simply read them and complete your project. However, a good wiring diagram will make it possible for you to successfully and safely tackle wiring 4-Way Switches.

Safety when Wiring Switches As important as electrical wiring diagrams are to the successful completion of your wiring project, safety and respect for electricity are essential. Never work on live circuits. Before you begin your project, identify the circuit you’re working on and then turn off power to that circuit at the main panel. Then confirm that the power is off with a voltage tester. IMPORTANT:If at any time you feel unsure about what you’re doing, please call a licensed electrical contractor.

More about Wiring Light Switches
Single Pole Switches
Wiring diagrams that explain the basic wiring for lighting control from a single switch location.

3-Way Switches
Once you see these wiring diagrams you will understand how to wire 3-way switches.
3-Way Dimmer Switches
Take the mystery out of wiring a 3-way dimmer switch and enjoy softer light and a reduced energy bill when you use one of these wiring diagrams.

4-Way Switches
Did you know – you can have any number of these switches installed on one control circuit? Once you see how these switches are wired you’ll be amazed, its just one more step up from the 3-way design – you have to see these wiring-diagrams!

Resources to help you with Home Wiring
Electrical Wiring Outlets for the Home
110 Volt Outlets
220 Volt Outlets
Residential Wiring Diagrams

More about Home Electrical
Home Electrical Wiring for Bathrooms
Home Electrical Wiring for Bedrooms
Home Electrical Wiring for Kitchens
Home Electrical Wiring for Home Office
Home Electrical Wiring for Laundry Room
Home Electrical Wiring for Garages
Home Electrical Wiring for Workshops
Home Electrical Wiring Diagrams for Outlets
Electrical Wiring Diagram Symbols

Ask The Electrician – Main page

Residential Electric Panel
Electrical Question: How should I upgrade my electric service panel?

Our home was built in 30’s. The service meter is 200amps. The panel originally installed is an old Square D. The problem is there are several circuits bundled together and terminated under breaker lugs. The service entrance wire from the meter to the panel is two insulated 2/0 aluminum wires and one aluminum stranded twisted around both the others. The entire service wire is in a sheath covered cable. There is a solid number 4 copper ground coming from the exterior ground rod to the existing panel. There is no visible insulated neutral wire (Typically seen in older homes). We want to change out the panel and install a new 200 amp main panel.

My questions are:

• Is it safe, being I have a solid ground to take the single strand wire and twist it together, coat it with insulation electrical tape not to have any bare wire existing, and use it as a neutral wire? The existing wire was installed when walls were open and is strapped. We will have to tear out a wall cavity to replace it, which is what I want to avoid if possible.
• Second, What is the farthest distance allowed from the meter can to the location of a panel with main? I will consider running copper as feed. Third, If replacement is our only choice for the entrance wire, will the meter head can have to be changed also?

Additional Comments: Great website.

This electrical question came from ML, a Homeowner in North Carolina.

Dave’s Reply:
Thanks for your electrical question.

Upgrading an Electric Service Panel

Application: Upgrading a Residential Electrical Service Panel.
Skill Level: Advanced – Not recommended for homeowners, This project is best performed by a Licensed Electrical Contractor, or Certified Electrician.
Electrical Tools Required: Basic Electricians Pouch Hand Tools, Voltage Tester, and appropriate Safety Gear.
Estimated Time: Depends on the personal level experience, ability to work with tools, install electrical circuit wiring, and the available access to the project area.
Electrical Safety: Identify the electrical power source to the Main Panel, turn it OFF and Tag with a Note before working with the electrical wiring.
Electrical Wiring Parts and Materials: Electrical parts and materials for the Main Panel should be approved for the specific project and compliant with local and national electrical codes.
Electrical Codes and Inspections: Installing or changing home electrical wiring should be done according to local and national electrical codes as adopted in your local area. A permit and inspections may also be required.

Main Electrical Service Panel

• Be aware that at the main electrical service panel the neutral and ground wires are bonded together. This however is only at the main service panel.
• Additional panels that are added such as a sub panel, are then required to have separate wires for the ground and neutral which will originate and bond together back at the main electric service panel.
• Typically the bonding of the neutral wires and the ground wires is done at the main electrical service where these wires are attached to the terminal block system which is located inside the main electric service panel.
• The service entrance cable that you have described is typical.
• The ground wire system that you have described is also typical as long as it has been installed and bonded properly.
• To correct the problem of having more than one circuit wire attached to a single circuit breaker, you may want to consider installing an additional sub panel where more circuit breakers may be installed.

More about Upgrading an Electric Service Panel

Electrical Codes for Services
Wiring Electrical Codes

Basic House Wiring Circuits

House Wiring Circuits and Circuit Breakers

This article looks at common 120 volt and 240 volt house wiring circuits and the circuit breakers that are installed identifying the types and amperage sizes used in most homes.
Electrical Panel Circuit Listing

Home Electrical Circuits

Electric Circuit Listing

The size of the home electrical service panel is designed by calculating the square footage of the home and factoring in the code requirements for the electrical circuits that are required.

Electrical Circuit Breakers

Home Electrical Circuit Breakers

A guide to home electrical circuit breakers and how they work to protect your electrical wiring. When properly installed, your home electrical wiring is protected by a circuit protection device.

Guide to Home Electrical Wire

Electrical Wire for the Home

Complete listing of electrical wire types and parts used for home projects with electrical code information serves as selection guidelines.

Electrical Grounding

Electrical Grounding Methods and Requirements

Listing of electrical codes for grounding with examples of electrical grounding codes for home electrical wiring.

Residential Electric Panel
Electrical Question: How should I upgrade my electric service panel?

Our home was built in 30’s. The service meter is 200amps. The panel originally installed is an old Square D. The problem is there are several circuits bundled together and terminated under breaker lugs. The service entrance wire from the meter to the panel is two insulated 2/0 aluminum wires and one aluminum stranded twisted around both the others. The entire service wire is in a sheath covered cable. There is a solid number 4 copper ground coming from the exterior ground rod to the existing panel. There is no visible insulated neutral wire (Typically seen in older homes). We want to change out the panel and install a new 200 amp main panel.

My questions are:

• Is it safe, being I have a solid ground to take the single strand wire and twist it together, coat it with insulation electrical tape not to have any bare wire existing, and use it as a neutral wire? The existing wire was installed when walls were open and is strapped. We will have to tear out a wall cavity to replace it, which is what I want to avoid if possible.
• Second, What is the farthest distance allowed from the meter can to the location of a panel with main? I will consider running copper as feed. Third, If replacement is our only choice for the entrance wire, will the meter head can have to be changed also?

Additional Comments: Great website.

This electrical question came from ML, a Homeowner in North Carolina.

Dave’s Reply:
Thanks for your electrical question.

Upgrading an Electric Service Panel

Application: Upgrading a Residential Electrical Service Panel.
Skill Level: Advanced – Not recommended for homeowners, This project is best performed by a Licensed Electrical Contractor, or Certified Electrician.
Electrical Tools Required: Basic Electricians Pouch Hand Tools, Voltage Tester, and appropriate Safety Gear.
Estimated Time: Depends on the personal level experience, ability to work with tools, install electrical circuit wiring, and the available access to the project area.
Electrical Safety: Identify the electrical power source to the Main Panel, turn it OFF and Tag with a Note before working with the electrical wiring.
Electrical Wiring Parts and Materials: Electrical parts and materials for the Main Panel should be approved for the specific project and compliant with local and national electrical codes.
Electrical Codes and Inspections: Installing or changing home electrical wiring should be done according to local and national electrical codes as adopted in your local area. A permit and inspections may also be required.

Main Electrical Service Panel

• Be aware that at the main electrical service panel the neutral and ground wires are bonded together. This however is only at the main service panel.
• Additional panels that are added such as a sub panel, are then required to have separate wires for the ground and neutral which will originate and bond together back at the main electric service panel.
• Typically the bonding of the neutral wires and the ground wires is done at the main electrical service where these wires are attached to the terminal block system which is located inside the main electric service panel.
• The service entrance cable that you have described is typical.
• The ground wire system that you have described is also typical as long as it has been installed and bonded properly.
• To correct the problem of having more than one circuit wire attached to a single circuit breaker, you may want to consider installing an additional sub panel where more circuit breakers may be installed.

More about Upgrading an Electric Service Panel

Electrical Codes for Services
Wiring Electrical Codes

Basic House Wiring Circuits

House Wiring Circuits and Circuit Breakers

This article looks at common 120 volt and 240 volt house wiring circuits and the circuit breakers that are installed identifying the types and amperage sizes used in most homes.
Electrical Panel Circuit Listing

Home Electrical Circuits

Electric Circuit Listing

The size of the home electrical service panel is designed by calculating the square footage of the home and factoring in the code requirements for the electrical circuits that are required.

Electrical Circuit Breakers

Home Electrical Circuit Breakers

A guide to home electrical circuit breakers and how they work to protect your electrical wiring. When properly installed, your home electrical wiring is protected by a circuit protection device.

Guide to Home Electrical Wire

Electrical Wire for the Home

Complete listing of electrical wire types and parts used for home projects with electrical code information serves as selection guidelines.

Electrical Grounding

Electrical Grounding Methods and Requirements

Listing of electrical codes for grounding with examples of electrical grounding codes for home electrical wiring.

Guide to Installing Electrical or Type NM Cable
Electrical Question: Topic: Kinks and bends in Type NM Cable Sheathing.

• Is having a kink or twist in Type NM Cable a hazard?
• I have not had an inspector look at the wiring because I always find inspectors to nit pick about little things.
• Your going to have to bend the wire when it is inside the box anyway?
• I used the right gauge wire with breaker etc., and staple the wire flat to the joist and studs.
• If it is wrong can I fix it by taking the 90 degree angle out or do I have to run new wire?
• I have installed 14 gauge wire with receptacles.
• Someone mentioned to me that bends in the wire can cause a hot spot.

This electrical wiring question came from: Justin, from Wappingers Falls, New York.

Additional Comments: Nice that you care to help others. Thanks!

Dave’s Reply:
Thanks for your electrical wiring question Justin.

How to Install Type NM Type Electrical Cable

Preparation

• Skill Level: Intermediate to Advanced. This electrical wiring project is best performed by a Licensed Electrical Contractor.
• Tools Required: Electricians Pouch of Hand Tools for Rough-In Wiring, Electric Drill and Auger Bits,  Extension Cords, and a Ladder as needed.
• Safety: All personal safety measures must be taken when performing remodel projects where you may come into contact with hazardous materials and environmental contaminants  such as fiberglass insulation, vermiculite and asbestos, molds or mildew, as well as dust.
• Estimated Time: Depends on the extent of the project, the type of wall coverings and structural construction and available access to the project area.
• Precaution: Any existing electrical wiring in the immediate area that may interfere with the installation should be identified and turned OFF and Tagged.
• Notice: Installing additional electrical wiring or upgrading existing electrical circuits and wiring should always be done according to local and national electrical codes with a permit and be inspected.

 Common Practices and Methods for Installing Type NM Cable for Home Electrical Wiring

Beware of Damaged or Defective Electrical Cable

• First, lets make sure that this question is not describing damaged cable, so here is what damaged cable looks like: If the insulation has an irregularity or physical damage then it should not be used. This would include rips or tears in the outside sheathing.
• If the cable has what appears to be a knot inside the cable under the outside sheathing then the cable should not be used. Some of these descriptions may be due to flaws in the manufacturing process which may affect the safety or functionality of the cable.
• The good news is that this hardly ever is a problem with type NM cable that is manufactured by well known companies, however there have been rare occasions where a bad batch of wire was sent out that had inconsistencies.
• If defective cable is installed then it could cause a lot of problems which would most likely require the cable to be removed an replaced. During the past 38 years I have seen only a few times where cable had been defective.

Installing NM Type Cable

• The best way to install NM cable is when the cable is flat which is best accomplished by rolling out the cable like the rolling of a tire or my favorite method is using a stud real which allows the cable to be dispensed from the roll as it is needed.

Electrical Cable Bends and Kinks

• It is best for the cable to be flat, however if the cable has a few twists it will not hurt.
• Flat cable makes for easy installation and stapling.
• The smoother the cable is the easier it is to work with and this makes for a nice neat installation.
• There should not be any loops or kinks when installing NM cable.
• I see people on the internet describe loops and even show diagrams showing large loops of cable even right before the entry into a box and this practice can cause problems when the insulation and wall covering is installed which may create a damaged cable.

IMPORTANT
All electrical wiring projects should be installed with a permit and be inspected by the local building authority.

More about Installing Electrical Wiring and Cable

Guide to Home Electrical Wire

Electrical Wire for the Home

Complete listing of electrical wire types and parts used for home projects with electrical code information serves as selection guidelines.

Home Electrical Junction Boxes

Electrical Junction Boxes for Home Wiring

Understanding electrical junction boxes and what they are used for. Home electrical wiring is the process of installing electrical wire to a location that will serve electrical devices or an appliance. One very important component is the box where the wire will be installed. The type and size of the home wiring electrical boxes will depend upon the circuit size, application and its location.

Guide to Installing Electrical or Type NM Cable
Electrical Question: Topic: Kinks and bends in Type NM Cable Sheathing.

• Is having a kink or twist in Type NM Cable a hazard?
• I have not had an inspector look at the wiring because I always find inspectors to nit pick about little things.
• Your going to have to bend the wire when it is inside the box anyway?
• I used the right gauge wire with breaker etc., and staple the wire flat to the joist and studs.
• If it is wrong can I fix it by taking the 90 degree angle out or do I have to run new wire?
• I have installed 14 gauge wire with receptacles.
• Someone mentioned to me that bends in the wire can cause a hot spot.

This electrical wiring question came from: Justin, from Wappingers Falls, New York.

Additional Comments: Nice that you care to help others. Thanks!

Dave’s Reply:
Thanks for your electrical wiring question Justin.

How to Install Type NM Type Electrical Cable

Preparation

• Skill Level: Intermediate to Advanced. This electrical wiring project is best performed by a Licensed Electrical Contractor.
• Tools Required: Electricians Pouch of Hand Tools for Rough-In Wiring, Electric Drill and Auger Bits,  Extension Cords, and a Ladder as needed.
• Safety: All personal safety measures must be taken when performing remodel projects where you may come into contact with hazardous materials and environmental contaminants  such as fiberglass insulation, vermiculite and asbestos, molds or mildew, as well as dust.
• Estimated Time: Depends on the extent of the project, the type of wall coverings and structural construction and available access to the project area.
• Precaution: Any existing electrical wiring in the immediate area that may interfere with the installation should be identified and turned OFF and Tagged.
• Notice: Installing additional electrical wiring or upgrading existing electrical circuits and wiring should always be done according to local and national electrical codes with a permit and be inspected.

 Common Practices and Methods for Installing Type NM Cable for Home Electrical Wiring

Beware of Damaged or Defective Electrical Cable

• First, lets make sure that this question is not describing damaged cable, so here is what damaged cable looks like: If the insulation has an irregularity or physical damage then it should not be used. This would include rips or tears in the outside sheathing.
• If the cable has what appears to be a knot inside the cable under the outside sheathing then the cable should not be used. Some of these descriptions may be due to flaws in the manufacturing process which may affect the safety or functionality of the cable.
• The good news is that this hardly ever is a problem with type NM cable that is manufactured by well known companies, however there have been rare occasions where a bad batch of wire was sent out that had inconsistencies.
• If defective cable is installed then it could cause a lot of problems which would most likely require the cable to be removed an replaced. During the past 38 years I have seen only a few times where cable had been defective.

Installing NM Type Cable

• The best way to install NM cable is when the cable is flat which is best accomplished by rolling out the cable like the rolling of a tire or my favorite method is using a stud real which allows the cable to be dispensed from the roll as it is needed.

Electrical Cable Bends and Kinks

• It is best for the cable to be flat, however if the cable has a few twists it will not hurt.
• Flat cable makes for easy installation and stapling.
• The smoother the cable is the easier it is to work with and this makes for a nice neat installation.
• There should not be any loops or kinks when installing NM cable.
• I see people on the internet describe loops and even show diagrams showing large loops of cable even right before the entry into a box and this practice can cause problems when the insulation and wall covering is installed which may create a damaged cable.

IMPORTANT
All electrical wiring projects should be installed with a permit and be inspected by the local building authority.

More about Installing Electrical Wiring and Cable

Guide to Home Electrical Wire

Electrical Wire for the Home

Complete listing of electrical wire types and parts used for home projects with electrical code information serves as selection guidelines.

Home Electrical Junction Boxes

Electrical Junction Boxes for Home Wiring

Understanding electrical junction boxes and what they are used for. Home electrical wiring is the process of installing electrical wire to a location that will serve electrical devices or an appliance. One very important component is the box where the wire will be installed. The type and size of the home wiring electrical boxes will depend upon the circuit size, application and its location.

Planning Electrical Circuits for a House
Electrical Question: I am working on a custom home building project where we will be installing the electric wiring.

• We have a design layout for all the rooms that has been prepared by an architect.
• The house will have 4 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms. along with a laundry room and kitchen.
• It has not been determined just how many circuits the home will require.
• There will be many electrical appliances in the kitchen, including a dishwasher.
• Is there a minimum number of outlets that must be wired for each room?
• How are overhead light switches wired into the circuit?

Additional Comments: Very helpful.
Background: Michael, from Batron Rouge, LA.

Dave’s Reply:
Thanks for your home wiring question Michael.

Electrical Circuit Wiring for a Home

Application: Electrical Home Wiring.
Skill Level: Intermediate to Advanced. This electrical wiring project is best performed by a Licensed Electrical Contractor or Certified Electrician.
Tools Required: Basic Electricians Pouch Hand Tools, Power Tools,  and Voltage Tester.
Estimated Time: Depends on personal level experience of home electrical wiring, ability to understand wiring diagrams and blueprints and ability to work with tools.
Precaution: Never work with live electrical circuits or energized panels. Identify the circuit, turn it OFF and  Tag it with a Note before working with the wiring.
Notice: Installing electrical wiring should be done according to local and national electrical codes with a permit and be inspected.

Michael, to help you with this wiring project, these questions can be answered best using the information found on the detailed pages of this website using the information and links that I have provided below.

• Basic Home Wiring
  
  • The electrical wiring and circuit requirements for any home begin with the electrical code requirements.

• Electrical Circuit Wiring
  • Pay special attention to the dedicated 20 amp bathroom outlet circuit requirement
  • AFCI circuits are required for areas such as the bedrooms.

• Home Wiring Diagrams
  • These wiring diagrams and a room by room circuit descriptions will assist to determine the wiring layout.

House Wiring
Home wiring begins with a blueprint showing the electrical components in every area of the house and the code requirements for wiring these areas.

More about Home Electrical Wiring

Circuit Wiring

Electrical Circuit Wiring

This article looks at common 120 volt and 240 volt house wiring circuits and the circuit breakers that are installed identifying the types and amperage sizes used in most homes.

Light Switch Wiring

Wiring Diagrams for Light Switches

Fully explained pictures and wiring diagrams about wiring light switches describing the most common switches starting with photo diagram 1.

Planning Electrical Circuits for a House
Electrical Question: I am working on a custom home building project where we will be installing the electric wiring.

• We have a design layout for all the rooms that has been prepared by an architect.
• The house will have 4 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms. along with a laundry room and kitchen.
• It has not been determined just how many circuits the home will require.
• There will be many electrical appliances in the kitchen, including a dishwasher.
• Is there a minimum number of outlets that must be wired for each room?
• How are overhead light switches wired into the circuit?

Additional Comments: Very helpful.
Background: Michael, from Batron Rouge, LA.

Dave’s Reply:
Thanks for your home wiring question Michael.

Electrical Circuit Wiring for a Home

Application: Electrical Home Wiring.
Skill Level: Intermediate to Advanced. This electrical wiring project is best performed by a Licensed Electrical Contractor or Certified Electrician.
Tools Required: Basic Electricians Pouch Hand Tools, Power Tools,  and Voltage Tester.
Estimated Time: Depends on personal level experience of home electrical wiring, ability to understand wiring diagrams and blueprints and ability to work with tools.
Precaution: Never work with live electrical circuits or energized panels. Identify the circuit, turn it OFF and  Tag it with a Note before working with the wiring.
Notice: Installing electrical wiring should be done according to local and national electrical codes with a permit and be inspected.

Michael, to help you with this wiring project, these questions can be answered best using the information found on the detailed pages of this website using the information and links that I have provided below.

• Basic Home Wiring
  
  • The electrical wiring and circuit requirements for any home begin with the electrical code requirements.

• Electrical Circuit Wiring
  • Pay special attention to the dedicated 20 amp bathroom outlet circuit requirement
  • AFCI circuits are required for areas such as the bedrooms.

• Home Wiring Diagrams
  • These wiring diagrams and a room by room circuit descriptions will assist to determine the wiring layout.

House Wiring
Home wiring begins with a blueprint showing the electrical components in every area of the house and the code requirements for wiring these areas.

More about Home Electrical Wiring

Circuit Wiring

Electrical Circuit Wiring

This article looks at common 120 volt and 240 volt house wiring circuits and the circuit breakers that are installed identifying the types and amperage sizes used in most homes.

Light Switch Wiring

Wiring Diagrams for Light Switches

Fully explained pictures and wiring diagrams about wiring light switches describing the most common switches starting with photo diagram 1.

More about: Electrical

• How do I identify home electrical problems?
When an electrical circuit or device fails the best way to determine what has caused the problem is to begin.....
Top of List DIY Home Electrical Wiring Projects


• Why Summer Heat May Cause Problems with Electrical Circuits
What is causing a problem with my electrical power in my home? Guide to Troubleshooting Electric Circuit Problems.
Top of List DIY Home Electrical Wiring Projects


• Electrical Code and Swimming Pool Light Fixtures
GFCI Ground Fault Protection for Swimming Pool Lights: NEC Article 680-20, As described in this electrical question, anyone who enters the pool with this light on is in Danger of Potential Electrical Shock!
Top of List DIY Home Electrical Wiring Projects


• Electrical Circuits for Garage Remodel Wiring
Warning About Splicing Electrical Cables and Circuit Sizes: I am working on a re-model project in my garage where I will enclose and insulate a room from the rest of the garage.
Top of List DIY Home Electrical Wiring Projects


• Why a Neutral Electrical Circuit Wire May Be Hot
What could be causing the copper ground and neutral wire be hot? Power went out in bathroom and I checked the circuit breaker, and the GFCI and it seems fine.
Top of List DIY Home Electrical Wiring Projects


• Humidity and Electrical Switches and Wire Splices
How do I solve a humidity problem that effects some of the electrical devices? Whenever summer arrives, I encounter problems with both the kitchen light and my dishwasher.
Top of List DIY Home Electrical Wiring Projects


• Relocating an Electrical Service Panel
I would like to gut old panel and use it as junction box and install new panel box in safe location. How to Splice Electrical Cables for an Electrical Panel.
Top of List DIY Home Electrical Wiring Projects


• Air Conditioning Electrical Circuit Requirements
How to Know if your Air Conditioner Requires a New Electrical Circuit
Top of List DIY Home Electrical Wiring Projects